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How to verify a certificate
by William Wood 23 Jul '24

23 Jul '24

I have tried everything I can think of, and even though I have certificates that are marked as "valid" when I look at the lock icon for an https: site, I get a verification "fail": CERT: Pre-verification error: self-signed certificate in certificate chain From everything I have read, my understanding is that every chain of certificates starts with a self-signed certificate I have even queried my Windows certificate management, and the issuer of the certificate is Entrust, which is on the list of trusted issuers. Within openssl, I get the same error: error 18 at 0 depth lookup: self signed certificate There is talk of a CApath, as well as lists of trusted issuers, but I do not understand anything within the documentation for stunnel which suggests how to access this information and incorporate it in the functioning of the program. Any help would be much appreciated! Thanks in advance -William Wood

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Almost there - openssl verifies remote certificate, but stunnel still fails
by William Wood 23 Jul '24

23 Jul '24

In Windows 10 I have done the following: 1. Created a directory C:\Certificates\ 2. From the Microsoft Management Concole (MMC) I have exported all the "Trusted Root Certificate Authorities\Certificates" as Personal Information exchange .PFX with a passcode 3. Using a Powershell environment, I change directories to C:\Certificates\ and run openssl From the openssl prompt convert the above .PFX file to a .pem file openssl pkcs12 -in All_Trusted.pfx -out All_Trusted.pem -nodes 4. Next I run the following openssl command OpenSSL s_client -CApath c:\Certificates\ -connect api.gainfutures.com:9400 -CAfile All_Trusted.pem After a bunch of output, I get the notification Verification: OK This tells me that the verification has passed the remote certificate. Using this to inform my stunnel configuration, I configure: [GainFuturesConnect] client = yes accept = 127.0.0.1:8080 connect = 192.111.85.171:9400 CAfile = C:\Certificates\All_Trusted.pem CApath = C:\Certificates\ securityLevel = 1 verifyChain = yes checkHost = api.gainfutures.com:9400 sslVersion = TLSv1.2 sslVersionMax = TLSv1.2 ciphers = DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 Although the preverification succeeds at each "depth", the verification fails at the end: CERT: Pre-verification succeeded (**Note, this is a change from before I added the above CAfile and CApath values**) CERT: Subject checks failed Rejected by CERT at depth=0: C=GB, L=London, O=Gain Capital UK Limited, CN=*.gainfutures.com Remove session callback TLS alert (write): fatal: internal error SSL_connect: ssl/statem/statem_clnt.c:2091: error:0A000086:SSL routines::certificate verify failed So my question becomes two parts: 1. How do I get the Subject checks to pass for CERT; 2. How do I get rid of the TLS "write" alert which is an internal error? Thank you -William Wood

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Re: Trying to get stunnel to verify remote server certificate
by William Wood 18 Jul '24

18 Jul '24

Thank you Mike for your reply. I apologize for my lack of experience with networks. One thing that I personally did not understand in using stunnel is that my SSL traffic that I want to "wrap" needs to be directed at the "accept" port, and that the stunnel wrap THEN sends it out over the connect port with the SSL "magic" applied. With that in mind, I have amended my configuration, and I have a new problem (s?): client = yes accept = 127.0.0.1:8080 connect = 192.111.85.171:9400 cert = C:\Certificates\WMW_trade_csr.pem CAfile = C:\Certificates\ca-cert1.pem securityLevel = 0 verifyPeer = yes checkHost = api.gainfutures.com sslVersion = TLSv1.2 sslVersionMax = TLSv1.2 This binds the service to 127.0.0.1:8080 So far so good. When I start my program, which directs its output stream to the "accept" port, the stunnel log now responds as I send messages: (I have pulled out just the last part before the error) 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG6[1150]: Peer certificate required 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: TLS state (connect): before SSL initialization 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: Initializing application specific data for session authenticated 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: TLS state (connect): SSLv3/TLS write client hello 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: TLS state (connect): SSLv3/TLS write client hello 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: TLS state (connect): SSLv3/TLS read server hello This looks okay to me so far 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: Verification started at depth=2: C=US, O="Entrust, Inc.", OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms, OU="(c) 2009 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only", CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG6[1150]: CERT: Pre-verification error ignored: self-signed certificate in certificate chain 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG6[1150]: OCSP: Certificate chain verification disabled 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG6[1150]: Certificate accepted at depth=2: C=US, O="Entrust, Inc.", OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms, OU="(c) 2009 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only", CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: Verification started at depth=2: C=US, O="Entrust, Inc.", OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms, OU="(c) 2009 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only", CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: CERT: Pre-verification succeeded 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG6[1150]: OCSP: Certificate chain verification disabled 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG6[1150]: Certificate accepted at depth=2: C=US, O="Entrust, Inc.", OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms, OU="(c) 2009 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only", CN=Entrust Root Certification Authority - G2 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: Verification started at depth=1: C=US, O="Entrust, Inc.", OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms, OU="(c) 2012 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only", CN=Entrust Certification Authority - L1K 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: CERT: Pre-verification succeeded 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG6[1150]: OCSP: Certificate chain verification disabled 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG6[1150]: Certificate accepted at depth=1: C=US, O="Entrust, Inc.", OU=See www.entrust.net/legal-terms, OU="(c) 2012 Entrust, Inc. - for authorized use only", CN=Entrust Certification Authority - L1K 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: Verification started at depth=0: C=GB, L=London, O=Gain Capital UK Limited, CN=*.gainfutures.com 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: CERT: Pre-verification succeeded 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG6[1150]: CERT: Host name "api.gainfutures.com" matched with "*.gainfutures.com" 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG4[1150]: CERT: Certificate not found in local repository not sure what this indicates (not found in local repository) 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG4[1150]: Rejected by CERT at depth=0: C=GB, L=London, O=Gain Capital UK Limited, CN=*.gainfutures.com 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: Remove session callback 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG7[1150]: TLS alert (write): fatal: bad certificate 2024.07.18 12:19:45 LOG3[1150]: SSL_connect: ssl/statem/statem_clnt.c:2091: error:0A000086:SSL routines::certificate verify failed After looking on the internet, I think that the [TLS alert (write): fatal: bad certificate] may refer to the cert = (file.pem), which in this case is a certificate I had made and verified by a trusted authority. The rejected by CERT is clearly referring to the certificate which comes from the server located at the other end of the "connect" port. I have looked specifically at this certificate, and the chain is comprised of two authenticated certificates, with a self-authenticated third certificate. As an example, when I change the "checkHost =" to an IP address, the error message changes: 2024.07.18 12:40:45 LOG7[1157]: CERT: Pre-verification succeeded *2024.07.18 12:40:45 LOG4[1157]: CERT: Subject checks failed *2024.07.18 12:40:45 LOG4[1157]: Rejected by CERT at depth=0: C=GB, L=London, O=Gain Capital UK Limited, CN=*.gainfutures.com 2024.07.18 12:40:45 LOG7[1157]: Remove session callback *2024.07.18 12:40:45 LOG7[1157]: TLS alert (write): fatal: unknown CA What seems to be consistent is that the remote certificate is being rejected because there is a self-authenticated certificate as the third part of the chain. I have tried the following: CAfile = C:\Certificates\ca-cert.pem (CA file which comes with openssl, I believe) which gives the same results. CAfile = C:\Certificates\ca-cert1.pem (Here I have added the chain certificates from file gain-futures-chain.pem) same results CAfile = C:\Certificates\ca-cert2.pem (Here I have added the chain certificates from file gain-futures-chainpumpbut removed the self-signed part) same results CAfile =C:\Certificates\ca-cert3.pem (ca-cert3.pem contains ONLY the certificates from gain-futures-chain.pem) same results CAfile =C:\Certificates\gain-futures-chain.pem This causes the service NOT to be bound, and throws what look like a bunch of openssl errors So it appears that I am actually probing the certificate that the remote server is sending me. I am still not clear on the role of CAfile, because of the behavior I have outlined. Do I need somehow to find a CAfile which recognizes and validates the certificate from the remote server? Thank you again! -William Wood

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Trying to get stunnel to verify remote server certificate
by William Wood 15 Jul '24

15 Jul '24

I have downloaded the remote certificates, and configured stunnel: client = no accept = 127.0.0.1:9400 connect = 192.111.85.171:9400 cert = C:\Certificates\gain-futures-chain.pem verifyChain = yes verifyPeer = yes checkHost = 192.111.85.171 checkIP = api.gainfutures.com sslVersion = TLSv1.1 options = NO_SSLv2 options = NO_SSLv3 OCSPaia = yes This results in the failure to initialize the tLS context: 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: Found 1 ready file descriptor(s) 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: FD=580 ifds=r-x ofds=r-- 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: FD=640 ifds=r-x ofds=--- 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: Dispatching a signal from the signal pipe 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: Processing SIGNAL_RELOAD_CONFIG 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG6[service]: Initializing inetd mode configuration 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: Running on Windows 6.2 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG5[service]: Reading configuration from file C:\Program Files (x86)\stunnel\config\stunnel.conf 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG5[service]: UTF-8 byte order mark not detected 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG5[service]: FIPS mode disabled 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG6[service]: Compression disabled 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: No PRNG seeding was required 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG6[service]: Initializing service [GainFuturesConnect] 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: Initializing context [GainFuturesConnect] 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG6[service]: OpenSSL security level is used: 2 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: Ciphers: HIGH:!aNULL:!SSLv2:!DH:!kDHEPSK 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: TLSv1.3 ciphersuites: TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: TLS options: 0x2100000 (+0x2000000, -0x0) 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG6[service]: Session resumption enabled 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG6[service]: Loading certificate from file: C:\Certificates\gain-futures-chain.pem 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG3[service]: error queue: ssl/ssl_rsa.c:472: error:0A080002:SSL routines::system lib 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG3[service]: error queue: crypto/bio/bss_file.c:300: error:10080002:BIO routines::system lib 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG3[service]: SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file: crypto/bio/bss_file.c:297: error:80000002:system library::No such file or directory 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG3[service]: Service [GainFuturesConnect]: Failed to initialize TLS context 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG3[service]: Configuration failed 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: Deallocating temporary section defaults 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: Cleaning up context [(null)] 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: Deallocating section [GainFuturesConnect] 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG7[service]: Cleaning up context [GainFuturesConnect] 2024.07.15 08:40:50 LOG3[service]: Failed to reload the configuration file This is the best I can gather regarding getting verification of the REMOTE certificate. The problem is that I am unable to connect if I cannot verify their certificate - they are not looking at my certificate. Any help would be appreciated. Thank you! -William Wood

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Help installing stunnel 5.72 as service in windows 10
by William Wood 04 Jul '24

04 Jul '24

Apparently to get stunnel to work, I have to install it as a service in Windows. In order to do this, I fire up a powershell, change directories to the stunnel\bin\, and run the command: .\stunnel -install This results in the error message: OpenSCManager: error 5: Access is denied Not sure what to do, as I am running as an administrator Any help would be appreciated Thanks -William Wood

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How to connect to a website through a port
by William Wood 02 Jul '24

02 Jul '24

Hi - I am trying to connect securely to a website from a Windows 10 machine: gainfutures.com through the port: 9400 I am told I need to do this using SSL. I have a python script which successfully connects through their non-secure ports. I am given no other information about what is needed for the connection, so I am asking how to do this. I have added to the configuration file: accept=gainfutures.com:9400 connect=gainfutures:9400 The "accept" line results in the error: Can't assign requested address (WSAEADDRNOTAVAIL) (10049) the "connect" line has no effect in the messages. Any suggestions would be much appreciated. Thank you -WW

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help connecting to a website through a port from Windows 10
by William Wood 02 Jul '24

02 Jul '24

Hi - I am trying to connect securely to a website from a Windows 10 machine: gainfutures.com through the port: 9400 I am told I need to do this using SSL. I have a python script which successfully connects through their non-secure ports. I am given no other information about what is needed for the connection, so I am asking how to do this. I have added to the configuration file: accept=gainfutures.com:9400 connect=gainfutures:9400 The "accept" line results in the error: Can't assign requested address (WSAEADDRNOTAVAIL) (10049) the "connect" line has no effect in the messages. Any suggestions would be much appreciated. Thank you -WW

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How to specify OCSP responder URL in "server" mode?
by sbworkde＠gmail.com 02 Jul '24

02 Jul '24

I want to specify OCSP responder URL while stunnel in "server" mode. I tried to use the option "OCSP" in configuration file, but it only works in "client" mode. The OCSP responder URL is always read form AIA while stunnel is in "server" mode, even when I set "OCSPaia = no". Is there a way to specify OCSP resonder URL for "server" mode?

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Stunnel with tinyproxy seem failed to forward
by jensen＠fixes.hk 28 Jun '24

28 Jun '24

Stunnel config client = no cert = /path/to/fullchain.pem key = /path/to/privkey.pem pid = /var/run/stunnel4/stunnel.pid debug = 7 output = /var/log/stunnel4/stunnel.log [tinyproxy] accept = 0.0.0.0:8443 connect = 127.0.0.1:7777 here's the log 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG7[main]: Found 1 ready file descriptor(s) 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG7[main]: FD=4 events=0x2001 revents=0x0 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG7[main]: FD=9 events=0x2001 revents=0x1 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG7[main]: Service [tinyproxy] accepted (FD=3) from X.X.X.X:42086 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG7[3]: Service [tinyproxy] started 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG7[3]: Setting local socket options (FD=3) 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG7[3]: Option TCP_NODELAY set on local socket 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG5[3]: Service [tinyproxy] accepted connection from X.X.X.X:42086 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG6[3]: Peer certificate not required 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG7[3]: TLS state (accept): before SSL initialization 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG3[3]: SSL_accept: ../ssl/record/ssl3_record.c:348: error:0A00009B:SSL routines::https proxy request 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG5[3]: Connection reset: 0 byte(s) sent to TLS, 0 byte(s) sent to socket 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG7[3]: local_rfd/local_wfd reset (FD=3) 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG7[3]: Local descriptor (FD=3) closed 2024.06.28 11:08:26 LOG7[3]: Service [tinyproxy] finished (0 left) on connect, I'm using server with OS Ubuntu16.04 with OpenSSL 1.1.1n 15 Mar 2022 (Library: OpenSSL 1.1.1 11 Sep 2018). using my other server (OS ubuntu 2X.) and my local (Mac OS), I'm able to connect to stunnel + tinyproxy successfully. it seems the issue within the server with Ubuntu16.04 or did I miss other config ?

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Devo Relay(Stunnel) -> Palo Alto Log Ingestion Configuration
by jeykipamca＠hotmail.com 14 Jun '24

14 Jun '24

Hi!, I am trying to ingest Palo Alto Firewall syslogs from Devo SIEM, to do that, I had to implement Stunnel on my relay server but in the installation part, I got this error message (I couldn't start stunnel service and I set all the configs as mentioned below links); devo-relay-server:/etc/stunnel# systemctl status stunnel4.service × stunnel4.service - LSB: Start or stop stunnel 4.x (TLS tunnel for network daemons) Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/stunnel4; generated) Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Fri 2024-06-14 13:42:04 UTC; 58min ago Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8) CPU: 27ms Jun 14 13:42:04 -devo-relay-server stunnel4[4032]: [.] Reading configuration from file /etc/stunnel/stunnel.conf Jun 14 13:42:04 -devo-relay-server stunnel4[4032]: [.] UTF-8 byte order mark not detected Jun 14 13:42:04 -devo-relay-server stunnel4[4032]: [!] /etc/stunnel/stunnel.conf:6: "setuid = test": Illegal UID Jun 14 13:42:04 -devo-relay-server stunnel4[4032]: [!] Configuration failed Jun 14 13:42:04 -devo-relay-server stunnel4[4032]: [ ] Deallocating temporary section defaults Jun 14 13:42:04 -devo-relay-server stunnel4[4018]: failed Jun 14 13:42:04 -devo-relay-server stunnel4[4018]: You should check that you have specified the pid= in you configuration file Jun 14 13:42:04 -devo-relay-server systemd[1]: stunnel4.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE Jun 14 13:42:04 -devo-relay-server systemd[1]: stunnel4.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. Jun 14 13:42:04 -devo-relay-server systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Start or stop stunnel 4.x (TLS tunnel for network daemons). root@-devo-relay-server:/etc/stunnel# -------------------------------------------------------------- My conf file; /etc/stunnel/stunnel.conf ; ************************************************************************** ; * Global options * ; ************************************************************************** ; It is recommended to drop root privileges if stunnel is started by root setuid = test setgid = test ; PID file is created inside the chroot jail (if enabled) pid = /var/run/stunnel4/stunnel.pid ; Debugging stuff (may be useful for troubleshooting) ;foreground = yes ;debug = debug output = /var/log/stunnel4/stunnel.log [firewall_tunnel] client = no accept = 6515 connect = 127.0.0.1:13005 cert = /etc/pki/stunnel/cert_SyslogCert-Devo.pem verifyChain = yes verifyPeer = yes CAfile = /etc/pki/stunnel/cert_RootCA-Devo.crt -------------------------------------------------------------- /etc/default/stunnel4 file; # /etc/default/stunnel # Julien LEMOINE <speedblue(a)debian.org> # September 2003 ENABLED=1 FILES="/etc/stunnel/*.conf" OPTIONS="" # Change to one to enable ppp restart scripts PPP_RESTART=0 # Change to enable the setting of limits on the stunnel instances # For example, to set a large limit on file descriptors (to enable # more simultaneous client connections), set RLIMITS="-n 4096" # More than one resource limit may be modified at the same time, # e.g. RLIMITS="-n 4096 -d unlimited" RLIMITS="" -------------------------------------------------------------- Does anyone have knowledge about the issue? The links which I got support. https://docs.devo.com/space/latest/94663679/Sending+Palo+Alto+events+to+Dev… https://docs.devo.com/space/latest/96469881/Sending+SSL%2FTLS+encrypted+eve…

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